El propósito de ‘Decisión Analysis and Resolution’ (DAR), perteneciente al Nivel de Madurez 3, es analizar las posibles decisiones usando un proceso de evaluación formal que evalúa las alternativas identificadas y el criterio establecido.
Esta área de proceso involucra establecer pautas para determinar qué resultados estarán sujetos a un proceso de evaluación formal. Este proceso de evaluación formal es una propuesta estructurada que permite evaluar las soluciones alternativas y un criterio establecido para determinar una solución al problema planteado.
Un proceso de evaluación formal implica las siguientes acciones: (1) Establecer un criterio para evaluar las alternativas, (2) Identificar las soluciones alternativas, (3) Seleccionar métodos para evaluar las alternativas, (4) Evaluar las soluciones alternativas usando el criterio establecido y los métodos; y (5) Seleccionar las soluciones recomendadas.
DAR se relaciona con las siguientes áreas de proceso: IPM y RSKM. Los objetivos específicos (SG), prácticas específicas (SP) y subprácticas de esta AP son:
SG 1 - Evaluate Alternatives
SP 1.1 - Establish Guidelines for Decision Analysis
1.1.1- Establish guidelines for when to use a formal evaluation process 1.1.2- Incorporate the use of the guidelines into the defined process as appropriate.
SP 1.2 - Establish Evaluation Criteria
1.2.1- Define the criteria for evaluating alternative solutions. 1.2.2- Define the range and scale for ranking the evaluation criteria. 1.2.3- Rank the criteria. 1.2.4- Assess the criteria and their relative importance. 1.2.5- Evolve the evaluation criteria to improve their validity. 1.2.6- Document the rationale for the selection and rejection of evaluation criteria.
SP 1.3 - Identify Alternative Solutions
1.3.1- Perform a literature search. 1.3.2- Identify alternatives for consideration in addition to those that may be provided with the issue. 1.3.3- Document the proposed alternatives.
SP 1.4 - Select Evaluation Methods
1.4.1- Select the methods based on the purpose for analyzing a decision and on the availability of the information used to support the method. 1.4.2- Select evaluation methods based on their ability to focus on the issues at hand without being overly influenced by side issues. 1.4.3- Determine the measures needed to support the evaluation method.
SP 1.5 - Evaluate Alternatives
1.5.1- Evaluate the proposed alternative solutions using the established evaluation criteria and selected methods. 1.5.2- Evaluate assumptions related to the evaluation criteria and the evidence that supports the assumptions. 1.5.3- Evaluate whether uncertainty in the values for alternative solutions affects the evaluation and address these uncertainties, as appropriate. 1.5.4- Perform simulations, modeling, prototypes, and pilots as necessary to exercise the evaluation criteria, methods, and alternative solutions. 1.5.5- Consider new alternative solutions, criteria, or methods if the proposed alternatives do not test well; repeat the evaluations until alternatives do test well. 1.5.6- Document the results of the evaluation.
SP 1.6 - Select Solutions
1.6.1- Assess the risks associated with implementing the recommended solution. 1.6.2- Document the results and rationale for the recommended solution.
Productos de trabajo típicos
Guidelines for when to apply a formal evaluation process (SP 1.1) Documented evaluation criteria (SP 1.2) Rankings of criteria importance (SP 1.2) Identified alternatives (SP 1.3) Selected evaluation methods (SP 1.4) Evaluation results (SP 1.5) Recommended solutions to address significant issues (SP 1.6)
INTEGRATED PROJECT MANAGEMENT El propósito de ‘Integrated Project Management’ (IPM), perteneciente al Nivel de Madurez 3, es establecer y administrar el proyecto; y la participación de las partes interesadas de acuerdo al proceso definido e integrado que está basado en el conjunto de procesos estándares de la organización. El proceso definido e integrado es denominado proceso definido del proyecto.
La implementación y el manejo del proceso definido del proyecto son descriptos en el plan de proyecto. Ciertas actividades pueden ser efectuadas en otros planes. Esta área de proceso trata la coordinación de todas las actividades asociadas a los proyectos. Estas actividades son: (1) Actividades de Desarrollo, (2) Actividades de Servicio, (3) Actividades de adquisición y (4) Actividades de Soporte. IPM se relaciona con las siguientes áreas de proceso: PP, PMC, OPD y MA.
Los objetivos específicos (SG), prácticas específicas (SP) y subprácticas de esta AP son:
SG 1 - Use the Project’s Defined Process
SP 1.1 - Establish the Project’s Defined Process
1.1.1- Select a lifecycle model from those available in organizational process assets. 1.1.2- Select standard processes from the organization's set of standard processes that best fit the needs of the project. 1.1.3- Tailor the organization’s set of standard processes and other organizational process assets according to tailoring guidelines to produce the project’s defined process. 1.1.4- Use other artifacts from the organization's process asset library as appropriate. 1.1.5- Document the project's defined process. 1.1.6- Conduct peer reviews of the project's defined process. 1.1.7- Revise the project's defined process as necessary.
SP 1.2 - Use Organizational Process Assets for Planning Project Activities
1.2.1- Use the tasks and work products of the project's defined process as a basis for estimating and planning project activities 1.2.2- Use the organization’s measurement repository in estimating the project’s planning parameters.
SP 1.3 - Establish the Project’s Work Environment
1.3.1- Plan, design and install a work environment for the project. 1.3.2- Provide ongoing maintenance and operational support for the project’s work environment. 1.3.3- Maintain the qualification of components of the project’s work environment. 1.3.4- Periodically review how well the work environment is meeting project needs and supporting collaboration, and take action as appropriate.
SP 1.4 - Integrate Plans
1.4.1- Integrate other plans that affect the project with the project plan. 1.4.2- Incorporate into the project plan the definitions of measures and measurement activities for managing the project. 1.4.3- Identify and analyze product and project interface risks. 1.4.4- Schedule the tasks in a sequence that accounts for critical development factors and project risks. 1.4.5- Incorporate the plans for performing peer reviews on the work products of the project's defined process. 1.4.6- Incorporate the training needed to perform the project’s defined process in the project’s training plans. 1.4.7- Establish objective entry and exit criteria to authorize the initiation and completion of the tasks described in the work breakdown structure (WBS). 1.4.8- Ensure that the project plan is appropriately compatible with the plans of relevant stakeholders. 1.4.9- Identify how conflicts will be resolved that arise among relevant stakeholders.
SP 1.5 - Manage the Project using the Integrated Plans
1.5.1- Implement the project’s defined process using the organization's process asset library. 1.5.2- Monitor and control the project’s activities and work products using the project’s defined process, project plan, and other plans that affect the project. 1.5.3- Obtain and analyze the selected measures to manage the project and support the organization’s needs. 1.5.4- Periodically review and align the project’s performance with the current and anticipated needs, objectives, and requirements of the organization, customer, and end users, as appropriate.
SP 1.6- Establish Integrated Teams
1.6.1- Establish and maintain the project’s shared vision 1.6.2- Establish and maintain the integrated team structure 1.6.3- Establish and maintain each integrated team 1.6.4- Periodically evaluate the integrated team structure and composition.
SP 1.7 - Contribute to the Organizational Process Assets
1.7.1- Propose improvements to organizational process assets. 1.7.2- Store process and product measures in the organization’s measurement repository. 1.7.3- Submit documentation for possible inclusion in the organization’s process asset library 1.7.4- Document lessons learned from the project for inclusion in the organization’s process asset library. 1.7.5- Provide process artifacts associated with tailoring and implementing the organization’s set of standard processes in support of the organization’s process monitoring activities.
Productos de trabajo típicos
The project’s defined process (SP 1.1) Project estimates (SP 1.2) Project plans (SP 1.2) Equipment and tools for the project (SP 1.3) Installation, operation, and maintenance manuals for the project work environment (SP 1.3) User surveys and results (SP 1.3) Usage, performance, and maintenance records (SP 1.3) Support services for the project’s work environment (SP 1.3) Integrated plans (SP 1.4) Work products created by performing the project’s defined process (SP 1.5) Collected measures and status records or reports (SP 1.5) Revised requirements, plans, and commitments (SP 1.5) Integrated plans (SP 1.5) Documented shared vision (SP 1.6) List of team members assigned to each integrated team (SP 1.6) Integrated team charters (SP 1.6) Periodic integrated team status reports (SP 1.6) Proposed improvements to organizational process assets (SP 1.7) Actual process and product measures collected from the project (SP 1.7) Documentation (SP 1.7) Process artifacts associated with tailoring and implementing the organization’s set of standard processes on the project (SP 1.7)
SG 2 - Coordinate and Collaborate with Relevant Stakeholders
SP 2.1 - Manage Stakeholder Involvement
2.1.1- Coordinate with relevant stakeholders who should participate in project activities. 2.1.2- Ensure work products that are produced to satisfy commitments meet the requirements of the recipient. 2.1.3- Develop recommendations and coordinate actions to resolve misunderstandings and problems with requirements.
SP 2.2 - Manage Dependencies
2.2.1- Conduct reviews with relevant stakeholders. 2.2.2- Identify each critical dependency. 2.2.3- Establish need dates and plan dates for each critical dependency based on the project schedule. 2.2.4- Review and get agreement on commitments to address each critical dependency with those responsible for providing the work product and those receiving the work product or performing or receiving the service. 2.2.5- Document critical dependencies and commitments. 2.2.6- Track critical dependencies and commitments and take corrective action as appropriate.
SP 2.3 - Resolve Coordination Issues
2.3.1- Identify and document issues. 2.3.2- Communicate issues to relevant stakeholders. 2.3.3- Resolve issues with relevant stakeholders. 2.3.4- Escalate to appropriate managers those issues not resolvable with relevant stakeholders. 2.3.5- Track the issues to closure. 2.3.6- Communicate with relevant stakeholders on the status and resolution of the issues.
Productos de trabajo típicos
Agendas and schedules for collaborative activities (SP 2.1) Documented issues (SP 2.1) Recommendations for resolving relevant stakeholder issues (SP 2.1) Defects, issues, and action items resulting from reviews with relevant stakeholders (SP 2.2) Critical dependencies (SP 2.2) Commitments to address critical dependencies (SP 2.2) Status of critical dependencies (SP 2.2) Relevant stakeholder coordination issues (SP 2.3) Status of relevant stakeholder coordination issues (SP 2.3)