El propósito de Causal Analysis and Resolution (CAR), perteneciente al Nivel de Madurez 5, es identificar las causas de los defectos u otros problemas y tomar la acción preventiva para que no suceda en un futuro. Esta área de proceso (AP) involucra la identificación y análisis de las causas de los defectos u otros problemas y efectuar las acciones correctivas para eliminar las causas y prevenir la ocurrencia de estos tipos de defectos o problemas.
Esta AP mejora la calidad y productividad a través de la prevención de incorporación de defectos en un producto. Algunos defectos o problemas pueden ser encontrados en otros proyectos. Las actividades de CAR son un mecanismo para comunicar las lecciones aprendidas entre los proyectos. Los tipos de defectos u otros problemas encontrados son analizados para identificar las tendencias. También se determinan las causas raíces de los defectos y las futuras implicaciones de los defectos. El análisis causal puede ser realizando en base a problemas no relacionados a los defectos.
CAR se relaciona con las siguientes AP: QPM (Quantitative Project Management), OID (Organizational Innovation and Deployment) y MA (Measurement and Analysis).
Los objetivos específicos (SG), prácticas especificas (SP) y subprácticas de esta AP son:
SG 1 - Determine Causes of Defects
SP 1.1 - Select Defect Data for Analysis
1.1.1- Gather relevant defect or problem data. 1.1.2- Determine for defects and other problems to be analyzed further
SP 1.2 - Analyze Causes
1.2.1- Conduct causal analysis with those responsible for performing the task 1.2.2- Analyze selected defects and other problems to determine their root causes 1.2.3- Group selected defects and other problems based on their root causes 1.2.4- Propose and document actions to be taken to prevent the future occurrence of similar defects or other problems
Productos de trabajo típicos
Defect and problem data selected for further analysis (SP 1.1), Action proposal (SP 1.2), Root cause analysis results (SP 1.2)
Productos de trabajo del Proveedor
Root cause analysis results (SP 1.2) Recommended action proposals (SP 1.2)
SG 2 - Address Causes of Defects
SP 2.1 - Implement the Action Proposals
2.1.1- Analyze the action proposals and determine their priorities 2.1.2- Select action proposals to be implemented 2.1.3- Create action items for implementing the action proposals 2.1.4- Identify and remove similar defects that may exist in other processes and work products 2.1.5- Identify and document improvement proposals for the organization’s set of standard processes
SP 2.2 - Evaluate the Effect of Changes
2.2.1- Measure the change in the performance of the project's defined process or of subprocesses, as appropriate 2.2.2- Measure the capability of the project's defined process or of subprocesses, as appropriate
SP 2.3 - Record Data
Producto de trabajo tìpicos
Action proposals selected for implementation (SP 2.1) Improvement proposals (SP 2.1) Measures of performance and performance change (SP 2.2) Causal analysis and resolution records (SP 2.3)
Producto de trabajo del Proveedor
Improvement proposals (SP 2.1) Base and derived supplier measurements (SP 2.2)
ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION AND DEPLOYMENT (OID)
El propósito de Organizational Innovation and Deployment (OID), perteneciente al Nivel de Madurez 5, es seleccionar y desplegar las mejoras de innovación que permiten mejorar las tecnologías y procesos de la organización. Estas mejoras están asociadas a los objetivos de calidad y de performance del proceso. Estos objetivos incluyen lo siguiente: (1) calidad del producto mejorada, (2) aumento de la productividad, (3) disminución del tiempo del ciclo, (4) mayor satisfacción del cliente o usuario final, (5) disminución del tiempo de entrega y (6) disminución de los tiempos de adaptación de nuevas tecnologías y necesidades del negocio.
OID se relaciona con las siguientes areas de proceso: OPF, OT, OPP, MA, IPM y DAR. Los objetivos específicos (SG), prácticas especificas (SP) y subprácticas de esta AP son:
SG 1 - Select Improvements
SP 1.1 - Collect and Analyze Improvement Proposals
1.1.1- Collect process- and technology-improvement proposals 1.1.2- Analyze the costs and benefits of process- and technology-improvement proposals as appropriate 1.1.3- Identify the process- and technology-improvement proposals that are innovative 1.1.4- Identify potential barriers and risks to deploying each process- and technology-improvement proposal 1.1.5- Estimate the cost, effort, and schedule required for deploying each process- and technology-improvement proposal. 1.1.6- Select the process- and technology-improvement proposals to be piloted before broadscale deployment. 1.1.7- Document the results of the evaluation of each process- and technology-improvement proposal. 1.1.8- Monitor the status of each process- and technology-improvement proposal.
SP 1.2 - Identify and Analyze Innovations
1.2.1- Analyze the organization's set of standard processes to determine areas where innovative improvements would be most helpful 1.2.2- Investigate innovative improvements that may improve the organization's set of standard processes. 1.2.3- Analyze potential innovative improvements to understand their effects on process elements and predict their influence on the process. 1.2.4- Analyze the costs and benefits of potential innovative improvements 1.2.5- Create process- and technology-improvement proposals for those innovative improvements that would result in improving the organization's processes or technologies 1.2.6- Select the innovative improvements to be piloted before broadscale deployment 1.2.7- Document the results of evaluations of innovative improvements
SP 1.3 - Pilot Improvements
1.3.1- Plan the pilots. 1.3.2 - Review and get relevant stakeholder agreement on plans for the pilots. 1.3.3- Consult with and assist the people performing the pilots. 1.3.4- Perform each pilot in an environment that is characteristic of the environment present in a broadscale deployment. 1.3.5- Track pilots against their plans. 1.3.6- Review and document the results of pilots.
SP 1.4 - Select Improvements for Deployment
1.4.1- Prioritize candidate process and technology improvements for deployment. 1.4.2- Select the process and technology improvements to be deployed 1.4.3- Determine how each process and technology improvement will be deployed 1.4.4- Document the results of the selection process.
Productos de trabajo típicos
Analyzed process- and technology-improvement proposals (SP 1.1) Candidate innovative improvements (SP 1.2) Analysis of proposed innovative improvements (SP 1.2) Pilot evaluation reports (SP 1.3) Documented lessons learned from pilots (SP 1.3) Process and technology improvements selected for deployment (SP 1.4)
Productos de trabajo del Proveedor
Process- and technology-improvement proposals (SP 1.1) Candidate innovative improvements (SP 1.2) Pilot evaluation reports for pilots executed in supplier environment (SP 1.3) Documented lessons learned from pilots executed in supplier environment (SP 1.3)
SG 2 - Deploy Improvements
SP 2.1- Plan the Deployment
2.1.1- Determine how each process and technology improvement must be adjusted for organization-wide deployment. 2.1.2- Determine the changes needed to deploy each process and technology improvement. 2.1.3- Identify strategies to address potential barriers to deploying each process and technology improvement 2.1.4- Establish measures and objectives for determining the value of each process and technology improvement with respect to the organization’s quality and process-performance objectives 2.1.5- Document the plan for deploying each process and technology improvement 2.1.6- Review and get agreement with relevant stakeholders on the plans for deploying selected process and technology improvement 2.1.7- Revise the plans for deploying selected process and technology improvement as necessary
SP 2.2 - Manage the Deployment
2.2.1- Monitor the deployment of process and technology improvements using the deployment plans 2.2.2- Coordinate the deployment of process and technology improvements across the organization 2.2.3- Quickly deploy process and technology improvements in a controlled and disciplined manner, as appropriate 2.2.4- Incorporate process and technology improvements into organizational process assets, as appropriate 2.2.5- Coordinate the deployment of process and technology improvements into the projects' defined processes as appropriate 2.2.6- Provide consulting, as appropriate, to support deployment of process and technology improvements. 2.2.7- Provide updated training materials to reflect the improvements to organizational process assets 2.2.8- Confirm that the deployment of all process and technology improvements is completed 2.2.9- Determine whether the ability of the defined process to meet quality and process-performance objectives is adversely affected by the process and technology improvement, and take corrective action as necessary. 2.2.10- Document and review results of process- and technology-improvement deployment
SP 2.3 - Measure Improvement Effects
2.3.1- Measure the actual cost, effort, and schedule for deploying each process and technology improvement. 2.3.2- Measure the value of each process and technology improvement. 2.3.3- Measure the progress toward achieving the organization's quality and process-performance objectives. 2.3.4- Analyze the progress toward achieving the organization's quality and process-performance objectives and take corrective action as needed. 2.3.5- Store the measures in the organization’s measurement repository.
Productos de trabajo típicos
Deployment plans for selected process and technology improvements (SP 2.1) Updated training materials (SP 2.2) Documented results of process- and technology-improvement deployment activities (SP 2.2) Revised process- and technology-improvement measures, objectives, priorities, and deployment plans (SP 2.2) Documented measures of the effects resulting from the deployed process and technology improvements (SP 2.3)